Gaining Value from The 2007 Indices of Deprivation in Lincolnshire

Income Deprivation Domain

The purpose of this Domain is to capture the proportion of the population experiencing income deprivation in an area.

• Adults and children in Income Support Households (Source: Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) 2005).
• Adults and children in Income Based JSA Households (Source: DWP 2005).
• Adults and children in Pension Credit (Guarantee) Households (Source: DWP 2005)
• Adults and children in Working Tax Credit households where there are children in receipt of Child Tax Credit whose equivalised income (excluding housing benefits) is below 60 per cent of the median before housing costs (Source: HMRC 2005)
• Adults and children in Child Tax Credit Households (who are not eligible for IS, Income-Based JSA, Pension Credit or Working Tax Credit) whose equivalised income (excluding housing benefits) is below 60 per cent of the median before housing costs (Source: HMRC 2005)
• National Asylum Support Service (NASS) supported asylum seekers in England in receipt of subsistence support, accommodation support, or both (Source: NASS 2006)

In addition, an Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index and an Income Deprivation Affecting Older People Index were created. These two indices represent the proportion of children aged 0-15 living in income deprived households and the proportion of older people aged 60 and over living in income deprived households respectively.

Employment Deprivation Domain

This domain measures employment deprivation conceptualised as involuntary exclusion of the working age population from the world of work.

• Recipients of Jobseekers Allowance (both contribution-based and income-based): men aged 18-64 and women aged 18-59 (Source: DWP 2005)
• Recipients of Incapacity Benefit : men aged 18-64 and women aged 18-59 (Source: DWP 2005)
• Recipients of Severe Disablement Allowance: men aged 18-64 and women aged 18-59 (Source: DWP 2005)
• Participants in the New Deal for the 18-24s who are not in receipt of JSA (Source: DWP 2005)
• Participants in the New Deal for 25+ who are not in receipt of JSA (Source: DWP 2005)
• Participants in the New Deal for Lone Parents (after initial interview) (Source: DWP 2005)

Health Deprivation and Disability Domain

This domain measures rates of poor health, early mortality and disability in an area and covers the entire age range.

• Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL) (2001 to 2005, Source: ONS)
• Comparative Illness and Disability Ratio (CIDR) (2005, Source ONS)
• Measures of acute morbidity, derived from Hospital Episode Statistics (2004 to 2005, Source: Department of Health)
• The proportion of adults under 60 suffering from mood or anxiety disorders based on prescribing (2005, Source: Prescribing Pricing Authority), Hospital Episodes Statistics (2004 to 2005, Source: Department of Health) and Incapacity Benefit data (2005, Source: DWP)

Education, Skills and Training Deprivation Domain

This domain captures the extent of deprivation in terms of education, skills and training in a local area. The indicators are structured into two sub domains: one relating to education deprivation for children / young people in the area, and one relating to lack of skills and qualifications among a sub-set of the working age adult population.

Sub Domain: Children/young people

• Average test score of pupils at Key Stage 2 (2 year weighted average, 2004-2005, Source: Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF))
• Average test score of pupils at Key Stage 3 (2 year weighted average, 2004-2005, Source: DCSF)
• Best of 8average capped points score at Key Stage 4 (this includes results of GCSEs, GNVQs and other vocational equivalents) (2 year weighted average, 2004-2005, Source: DCSF)
• Proportion of young people not staying on in school or non-advanced education above the age of 16, Source: HMRC Child Benefit (CB) data
• Secondary school absence rate (2 year average 2004-2005, Source: DCSF)
• Proportion of those aged under 21 not entering higher education (5 year average 2001-2005, Source: Universities and Colleges Admission Service (UCA), Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA))

Sub Domain: Skills

• Proportions of working age adults (aged 25-54) in the area with no or low qualifications (2001 Census).

Barriers to Housing and Services Domain

The purpose of this domain is to measure barriers to housing and key local services. The indicators are structured into two sub-domains: 'geographical barriers' and 'wider barriers' which includes issues relating to access to housing, such as affordability.

Sub Domain: Wider Barriers

• Household overcrowding (2001 Census)
• LA level percentage of households for whom a decision on their application for assistance under the homeless provisions of housing legislation has been made, assigned to the constituent SOAs (Source: Communities and Local Government, 2002)
• Difficulty of Access to owner-occupation (Source: modelled estimates produced by Heriot-Watt University 2005)

Sub Domain: Geographical Barriers

• Road distance to a GP surgery (Source: National Administrative Codes Service, 2005)
• Road distance to a general stores or supermarket (Source: MapInfo Ltd, 2005)
• Road distance to a primary school (Source: DFCS, 2004-05)
• Road distance to a Post Office or sub post office (Source: Post Office Ltd, 2005)

Crime Domain

This domain measures the rate of recorded crime for four major crime types, representing the risk of personal and material victimisation at a small area level.

• Burglary (4 recorded crime offence types, Police Force data for April 2004 - March 2005, constrained to Crime and Disorder Partnership (CDRP) level)
• Theft (5 recorded crime offence types, Police Force data for April 2004 - March 2005, constrained to CDRP level)
• Criminal damage (10 recorded crime offence types, Police Force data for April 2004 - March 2005, constrained to CDRP level)
• Violence (14 recorded crime offence types including Robbery, Police Force data for April 2004 - March 2005, constrained to CDRP level)

The Living Environment Deprivation Domain

This domain focuses on deprivation with respect to the characteristics of the living environment. It comprises two sub-domains: the 'indoors' living environment which measures the quality of housing and the 'outdoors' living environment which contains two measures about air quality and road traffic accidents.

Sub-Domain: The 'indoors' living environment

• Social and private housing in poor condition (2003-2004 average, Source: BRE and Communities and Local Government, modelled EHCS)
• Houses without central heating (Source: 2001 Census)

Sub-Domain: The 'outdoors' living environment

• Air quality (2005, Source: Geography Department at Staffordshire University and NAEI modelled at LSOA level)
• Road traffic accidents involving injury to pedestrians and cyclists (2003-2005 average, Source: DfT, STATS19 (Road Accident Data) smoothed to LSOA level)